Method of making waterproof cloth



Feb. 6, 1940. c, s, HYATT AL 2,188,901

METHOD OF MAKING WATERPROOF CLOTH Filed Feb. 9, 1938 5 Sheets-Sheet 1 COAT-l NG SUCTION MATERIAL. LACQUER.

MICA

mm: H 5 7 SUCTIO N.

7 a [if 9 LAcQuER. MlcA.

INVENTORS coATlNq amp/.55 an /1T7: MATERlAL- WILL MM 11 HEDG Ox) 2 0&2 4 II A TTORNE Y5.

Feb. 6, 1940.

C. S. HYATT ET AL METHOD OF MAKING WATERPROOF CLOTH Filed Feb. 9, 1938 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 A TTORNEYS'.

Feb. 6, 1940.

C. S. HYATT ET AL Filed Feb. 9, 1938 3 Sheets-Sheet 5 FIG. 9.

@P DRYER ROTARY \STIRRER.

SCREEN- ROTARY BRUSH.

SUCTION.

9 DIRECTION OF AIR 7 ,3 ADJUSTABLE "I BUNDLE ROLL. A

COATING MATERIAL.

' I $UCT\ON 2 INVENTORS Patented Feb. 6, 1940 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE mar-non or MAKING warnaraoor ono'rn tion of Ohio Application February 9, 1938, Serial No. 189,637

2 Claims.

This invention relates to waterproof materials and a method of making them.

It is the particular object of this invention to provide a waterproofed silk.

It is the object of this invention to provide a waterproof coating and a method of applying the coating so as to produce waterproofed textile materials.

It is an object of this invention to provide such a waterproofed textile material that it will remain substantially indefinitely waterproofed,

flexible and non-adherent so that the surface of the treated materials will be smooth without tacking or tackiness.

It is an object of this invention to provide a coating lacquer having a nitrocellulose body, a resinous plasticizer that is light resistant and a softener to impart flexibility. Upon this lacquer is applied mica, a pigment or a cellulose flock so that the surface is non-adherent and presents an attractive appearance of any desired sheen or color.

Referring to the drawings:

Figure 1 is a section through a textile material with the lacquer applied on one side.

Figure 2 is a similar view with the lacquer applied on both sides;

Figure 3 is a similar view with the lacquer applied on both sides of the textile material and a supplementary coating of lacquer.

Figure 4 is a similar view to Figure 3 with the layer of mica, pigment or cellulose flock mounted in and upon the lacquer.

Figure 5 is a similar view to Figure 4 showing the same construction on both sides of the fabric.

Figure 6 is a diagrammatic illustration of the several steps of the process of applying the successive coatings to one side of the textile material.

Figure '7 is a similar view showing the method of applying the coating to both sides of the material.

Figure 8 is a modified form of a horizontal coating machine.

Figure 9 illustrates a vertical coating machine.

Referring to the drawings in detail, I designates the textile material. There is compre hended within the term textile material fabrics, papers and other woven or fibrous materials of cotton, rayon and the like.

The lacquer hereinafter'described is applied to the surface, or surfaces,'of the textile material, such lacquer being designated 2. Thereafter there is applied a layer of mica, pigment or cellulose flock, either with a second coating or lacquer 3, or upon. that coating. This layer of mica, pigment or cellulose flock is designated 4. Before the lacquer dries, the mica having been sifted on or blown on in excess, any excess is removed by suction before the product is completely dry. Under some circumstances, the excess is removed after the product is dried.

Referring to Figures 6, 7, 8 and 9, the roll of textile material is passed beneath a coater 5, which has a scraping knife 6 to regulate the depth of the coating 2 on the textile material I. Thereafter a second coating 3 may be applied by the lacquer spray I. Then the mica coating 4 is applied by the mica dusting apparatus 8. Thereupon the composite product passes beneath the suction device 9 for the removal of the excess mica. It then passes through a drier l0 which may be provided with air circulation apparatus, heaters and the like.

In Figure 7 is shown a tank ll containing the lacquer 2 so that the textile material can be impregnated and coated on both sides as it passes through the lacquer 2 in the tank H.

, Referring to Figure 8, when the roll of textile material I passes beneath the guide roller I2 and over the second guide roller l3 and thence over a support it where it receives the supply of coating material, which is the lacquer 2. The depth of the coating is regulated by the knife 6. The coated product then passes beneath the hopper l 5 containing the mica 4, which is applied by a rotary brush I 6, which brushes it through a screen l1. Thence the mica coated sheet passes beneath the suction apparatus 9 and into the drier Ill.

Referring to Figure 9, it will be seen that the roll of textile material 1 passes beneath the guide roller I2 over the guide roller l3 and thence passes into the immersion tank ll containing the lacquer 2. As it leaves this tank, it passes beneath adjustable squeeze rollers l8. It then passes through a passageway IS on either side of which are located brushes l6 which direct a stream of mica dust on either side of the coated sheet, such dust being secured from the hoppers 15, which have rotary stirrers 2| in the bottom thereof for supplying the mica to the brushes IS. The mica coated sheet then passes upwardly in the vertical drier chamber Illa over the guide roll "lb and thence downwardly over the roll I00, between rotary brushes Ilia and l6b for cleaning off excess mica. These brushes are located in the suction housing 9 which facilitates the removal of the surplus mica. The completed sheet then passes to the wind up roll as indicated.

The goods are passed'through four times. The first coat is applied on the face and on the back without mica, and the succeeding coats are applied with mica.

In Figure 9, the textile material is impregnated in a bath of the coating lacquer so that the entire coating is applied to both sides in one operation, andthe mica is dusted on the goods before it is dried.

The temperature in the driers is approximately 180 Fahrenheit. There is considerable air circulation. About 1400 cubic feet of air is withdrawn'from each machine per minute. and an equivalent amount 'of fresh air is supplied so it can come in and mingle with the air currents on the inside of the drier.-

" Lscom whilefollowing the principle of this invention. Broadly speaking,-the lacquer consists of a nitroof such lacquers.

cellulose body associated with suitable solvents,

'thinners. and diluents; a resinous plasticizer,

preferably of the alkyd type, and finally, a softener. The following are some typical examples Example 1 Parts by weight Cellulose nitrate 12.7 Butyl acetyl ricinoleate 15.3 Paraplex 12.7 Ethyl acetate 22.9 Alcohol 17.8 Troluoil 10.2

Toluol 8.4

Parts by weight Nitrocellulose 12.5

Maleic acid, ethylene glycol, castor oil,

resin 17.5 Methyl ricinoleate 15.0 Toluol- 5.0 Ethyl acetate 22.5 Alcohol 15.0 Petroleum thinner 12.5

PROCESS The process consists of impregnating and coating the textile material, then applying the mica either directly or with another coating of lacquer, or upon a second coating of lacquer and thereafter removing the surplus mica before the coatings dry, or optionally after they dry. After the removal of the mica, the resulting product is thoroughly dried by the means and the tem peratures heretofore indicated.

The preferable procedure is to apply the mica after the coating. It will be understood that in place of mica any pigment, cellulose flock, or other material of equivalent character may be used. The use of the mica permits a softer.

formula than would be possible if it were not present, since it absorbs the slight tackiness right on the surface of the coating. The mica also protects the fabric from the light. Any plasticizer which will remain in the nitrocellulose and not tend to exude from the film at a slightly elevated temperature can be employed. The solvents can be adjusted and changed to varying formulas as in other lacquer mixtures. It should be emphasized that one of the principal features of the invention is to provide a thoroughly worked in mica coating, evenly distributed, with the surplus removed to form a nonadherent smooth surface of pleasing appearance, without interfering with the plasticity or flexibility or life of the underlying coating and fabric.

It will be understood that we desire to comprehend within our invention such modifications as may be necessary to adapt it to varying conditions and uses.

It will be understood that by cellulose as the body medium for lacquer, we include ethyl cellulose or any other equivalent body materials.

Having thus fully described our invention, what we claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is:

l. The method of making a waterproof, light resistant flexible, non-tacky fabric comprising a step of impregnating and coating the fabric with Parts by weight Cellulose nitraiu 12.7 Butyl acetyl ricinoleate 15.3 Sebacic acid glycerol resin 12.7 Ethyl acetate 22.9 Alcohol 17,3 "TroluoiY 10.2 Tnlunl 8,4

thereafter dusting-mica on the wet surface and brushing the mica into the surface coating to obtain 'an evenly distributed light resistant mica coating, removing the excess mica, and subsequently drying at. an elevated temperature at approximately F.

' CHARLES S. HYATT.

WILLIAM D. HEDGES. 

